What is Cloud Computing and How it Works

Cloud computing is one of the technologies that has changed the way we store, manage and access data. In this digital era, we hear the term cloud computing more and more often, but do you really understand what cloud computing is and how cloud computing works?

This article will provide an in-depth understanding of cloud computing, its types of services, and its benefits for individuals and businesses. In addition, we will also discuss how this technology affects various sectors and what the advantages and disadvantages are.

What is Cloud Computing?

Cloud computing is a technology that allows users to store, manage, and access data, as well as run applications over the internet. With this technology, users no longer need hardware or physical storage space to store data or run applications. All computing resources are accessible via the internet, which means users only need an internet connection to access these services anytime and anywhere.

How Cloud Computing Works

The way cloud computing works is by using a network of remote servers connected via the internet to provide various computing services. Data stored in the cloud does not reside on the user’s local device, but is stored on remote servers belonging to the cloud service provider. When a user accesses data or applications, the request is sent to the cloud server and the results are received back on the user’s device. Virtualization technology allows a physical server to be divided into multiple virtual servers, which makes the use of resources more efficient and flexible.

Types of Cloud Computing Based on Services

Cloud computing offers several service models that can be selected according to user needs. Here are the three main types of cloud computing services:

1. Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS)

PaaS provides a complete platform for application development, testing, and deployment without worrying about infrastructure. Developers can focus on building the application, while the cloud service provider manages the servers, storage, and network. Examples of PaaS services include Google App Engine and Microsoft Azure.

2. Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)

IaaS provides IT infrastructure such as servers, networks, and storage that users can rent without having to purchase physical hardware. This service is useful for companies that require high scalability. Examples of IaaS services are Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Google Compute Engine.

3. Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)

SaaS allows users to access software applications over the internet without the need to download or install them on their devices. SaaS services are often used for business applications such as email and team collaboration. Examples of SaaS services are Google Workspace and Microsoft Office 365.

Advantages of Using Cloud Computing

Cloud computing provides various benefits to individuals and businesses. Here are some of the main advantages:

1. Save Operating Costs With cloud computing, companies do not need to invest large costs in physical infrastructure. The cloud subscription model allows for pay-as-you-go, making it more cost-effective.
2. More Optimized Data Management Data stored in the cloud can be accessed anytime and from anywhere. This facilitates team collaboration and ensures data remains safe from the risk of loss due to device damage.
3. Guaranteed Data Security Cloud service providers provide advanced security layers, including encryption and firewalls, to protect data from cyber threats.

Types of Cloud Computing Based on Deployment

Apart from being based on services, cloud computing is also distinguished by the type of deployment:

1. Public Cloud Cloud services that can be accessed by anyone via the internet. Examples are AWS and Microsoft Azure.
2. Private Cloud Cloud services that are only used by one specific organization, making it more secure and controlled.
3. Hybrid Cloud A combination of public cloud and private cloud, which allows companies to store sensitive data in the private cloud and use the public cloud for general operations.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Cloud Computing

Advantages:

• Save on initial infrastructure costs.
• Flexibility and easy scalability.
• Advanced data security from the cloud service provider.
• Access data from anywhere in the world.

Disadvantages:

• Dependence on internet connection.
• Privacy risks if sensitive data is stored in the cloud.
• Ongoing costs for cloud service subscriptions.

References: indonesiancloud.com, www.linknet.id, aws.amazon.com.

Author: Yazid Yusuf – Directorate of Information Technology Center